Courgette

The Courgette or Zucchini is a summer squash, a prolific producer and a common addition to any vegetable plot with enough space to grow them. Smaller, but with a better, sweeter taste than marrow, the courgette has become the preferred vegetable of the two for home growers and supermarkets alike.

Location
Choose a sunny spot with 90cm (35in) of space in every direction. They will also grow in containers or one or two plants per growbag if required.

Soil
Courgettes are heavy feeders and will benefit from having plenty of compost dug into the soil prior to planting.

Sowing
Courgettes are easily grown from seed and can be sown in their final position in late May/early June or alternatively sow indoors from mid-April. Sow two or three seeds 2.5 (1in) deep and cover with cloches if outdoors. Leave cover in place for as long as possible before thinning the seedlings to leave the strongest one.

Transplanting
If you don't have space to grow courgettes indoors; seedlings can be bought from garden centres and are ready to plant outdoors as soon as the risk of frost has passed. Ensure plants are hardened off for 2 weeks before planting out by placing them outside during the day and keeping them indoors/under cover at night. Dig a hole slightly larger than the container the seedling is in, tip it out and plant into the hole slightly lower than its original compost level. Mound soil/compost around the stem to support it. Water thoroughly to settle the roots.

Aftercare
Keep plants well watered especially once fruit begin to form. A healthy courgette plant will consume up to 10 litres of water a week. A layer of compost or polythene around the plants will help to suppress weeds and retain moisture. Provide a high potassium liquid fertiliser once or twice a fortnight. Courgettes require pollination for fruit to form successfully. Insect pollination can be poor, in which case take a male flower, fold back the petals to reveal the pollen on the stamen, and insert it into the female flower. Females can be differentiated from the males as they have a tiny unfertilised fruit behind the flower head.

Harvesting
Harvest courgettes when they are 10-12.5cm (4-5in) long. Regular picking will ensure a long cropping season. The flowers of the courgette are also edible, they are commonly left attached to the fruit, covered in batter and deep fried. The flowers do not keep as well as the fruit so are rarely found in supermarkets.

Powdery Mildew
Infected plants are covered in a dusty, furry-looking greyish-white mould, mainly on the upper surface of the leaves and young shoots. As powdery mildew does not like wet conditions, wetting the leaves reduces the severity of attack. A "wetter", e.g. detergent, has to be added (just a squirt); plain water will just run off the leaves. Weeds can over-winter the fungus, so good garden hygiene is essential. Remove and bin or burn infected leaves, don't compost them. Ensure plants have adequate water, especially those in containers, and apply mulches over moist soil if grown in open soil. Avoid overcrowding plants to give good air circulation and minimise humidity. Don't feed plants too much nitrogen-rich fertiliser because this encourages lush sappy growth which is more susceptible to infection.
 * Identifying Features
 * Treatment
 * Prevention

Varieties
Black Beauty

Tristar